Home Physical Sciences Elastomer Nanocomposites Based on NR/EPDM/Organoclay: Morphology and Properties
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Elastomer Nanocomposites Based on NR/EPDM/Organoclay: Morphology and Properties

  • A. Alipour , G. Naderi , G. R. Bakhshandeh , H. Vali and S. Shokoohi
Published/Copyright: April 6, 2013
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

Natural rubber/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (NR/EPDM) blends of five different compositions (0/100), (25/75), (50/50), (75/25) and (100/0) with 1, 3, 5 and 7 phr organo-modified nanoclay (Cloisite 15A) were prepared by two-roll mill. The effect of organo-modified layered nanosilicates and composition on the cure characteristics, microstructure, mechanical, and rheological properties of the nanocomposites were studied. Results suggested the intercalation of polymer chains into the silicate layers which was evidenced by d-spacing results of X-ray diffraction patterns. TEM micrographs also directly confirmed XRD results. Mechanical properties of the nanocomposites depicted a nearly 40% percents increase respectively in the tensile modulus of 75NR/25EPDM containing 7 wt.% nanoclay.


Mail address: Ghasem Naderi, Department of Rubber, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14565-115, Tehran, Iran. E-mail:

References

Arayapranee, W., Rempel, G. L., “Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber and Styrene-grafted Natural Rubber Latex Compounds”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 109, 932941(2008), DOI: 10.1002/app.28111Search in Google Scholar

Biswas, M., SinhaRay, S., Preparation and Evaluation of Composites from Montmorillonite and Some Heterocyclic Polymers. 1: Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) montmorillonite Nanocomposite System, Polymer, 39, 64236428(1998)10.1016/S0032-3861(97)10366-4Search in Google Scholar

Botros, S. H., “Preparation and Characteristics of NR/EPDM Rubber Blends”, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 41, 341359(2002)10.1081/PPT-120002572Search in Google Scholar

Chang, Y. W., et al., “Preparation and Properties of EPDM Organomontmorillonite Hybrid Nanocomposites”, Polym. Int., 51, 319324(2002), DOI: 10.1002/pi.831Search in Google Scholar

De Anil, S. K., Howmick, K. B., “Thermoplastic Elastomers from Rubber-plastic Blends”, Ellis Horwood, London(1990)Search in Google Scholar

Ghosh, A. K., et al., “NR-EPDM Covulcanization: A Novel Approach”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 81, 800808(2001)10.1002/app.1498Search in Google Scholar

Gopakumar, T. G., et al., “Influence of Clay Exfoliation on the Physical Properties of Montmorillonite/Polyethylene Composites”, Polymer, 43, 54835491(2002)10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00403-2Search in Google Scholar

Ismail, H.et al., “Effects of Various Bonding Systems on Mechanical Properties of Oil Palm Fibre Reinforced Rubber Composites”, Polymer, 38, 40594064(1997)10.1016/S0032-3861(96)00993-7Search in Google Scholar

Kim, J. T., et al., “Curing and Barrier Properties of Nbrorgano-clay Nanocomposite”, Polym. Int., 52, 10581063(2003), DOI: 10.1002/pi.1110Search in Google Scholar

Krejsa, M. R., Koenig, J. L., “Chapter 11 The Nature of Sulfur Vulcanization”, in Elastomer Technology Handbook, CRC Press, Boca Raton(2003)Search in Google Scholar

Li, P., et al., “High-performance EPDM/Organoclay Nanocomposites by Melt Extrusion”, Appl. Clay Sci., 40, 3844(2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.clay.2007.07.002Search in Google Scholar

Lopez-Manchado, M. A., et al., “Organo-montmorillonite as Substitute of Carbon Black in Natural Rubber Compounds”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 89, 115(2003)10.1002/app.12082Search in Google Scholar

Lopez-Manchado, M. A., et al., “Organoclay–natural Rubber Nanocomposites Synthesized by Mechanical and Solution Mixing Methods”, Polym. Int., 53, 17661772(2004), DOI: 10.1002/pi.1573Search in Google Scholar

Madhusoodanan, K. N., Varghese, S., “Technological And Processing Properties of Natural Rubber Layered Silicate-Nanocomposites by Melt Intercalation Process”, J. App. Polym. Sci., 102, 25372543(2006), DOI: 10.1002/app.24680Search in Google Scholar

Mousa, A., Karger-Kocsis, J., “Rheological and Thermodynamical Behavior of Styrene/Butadiene Rubber-Organoclay Nanocomposites”, J. Macromol. Mater. Eng., 286, 260266(2001)10.1002/1439-2054(20010401)286:4<260::AID-MAME260>3.0.CO;2-XSearch in Google Scholar

Naderi, G., et al., “Microstructure-properties Correlations in Dynamically Vulcanized Nanocomposite Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on PP/EPDM”, Polym. Eng. Sci., 47, 207217(2007a), DOI: 10.1002/pen.20673Search in Google Scholar

Naderi, G., et al., “Dynamically Vulcanized Nanocomposite Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on EPDM/PP (Rheology & Morphology)”, Int. Polym. Proc., 2, 284292(2007b)10.3139/217.1017Search in Google Scholar

Naderi, G., et al., “The Influence of Matrix Viscosity and Composition on the Morphology, Rheology, and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomer Nanocomposites Based on EPDM/PP”, Polym. Compos., 29, 13011309(2008), DOI: 10.1002/pc.20495Search in Google Scholar

Peter, W., Duffon, W.: Thermoplastic Elastomers, Rapra Tech., Munich(2004)Search in Google Scholar

Ranimol, S., et al.; “Rheological Behavior of Nanocomposites of Natural Rubber and Carboxylated Styrene Butadiene Rubber Latices and their Blends”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 101, 23552362(2006), DOI: 10.1002/app.23852Search in Google Scholar

Rathanawan, M., et al., “Structurean Properties of Natural Rubber and Modified Montmorillonite Nanocomposites”, Rubber Chem. Technol., 76, 406418(2003)10.5254/1.3547751Search in Google Scholar

Sae-oui, P., et al., “Use of Rice Husk Ash as Filler in Natural Rubber Vulcanizates: In Comparison with other Commercial Fillers”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 83, 24852493(2002)10.1002/app.10249Search in Google Scholar

Sengupta, A., Konar, B. B., “Cure Characteristics of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber Polypropylene Blends. I. Calculation of State of Cure in Blends Containing Conventional Sulfur Curing System under Variable Time-temperature Conditions”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 66, 12311236(1998), DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19971114)66:7<1231::AID-APP3>3.0.CO;2-HSearch in Google Scholar

Song, M., et al., “Preparation and Characterization of Polystyrene-co-butadiene and Polybutadiene Rubber Clay Nanocomposites”, Polym. Int., 54, 560568(2005), DOI: 10.1002/pi.1732Search in Google Scholar

Sperling, L. H., “Introduction to Physical Polymer Science”, 4th Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York(2006)Search in Google Scholar

Sun, Y., et al., “Preparation and Properties of Natural Rubber Nanocomposites with Solid-state Organomodified Montmorillonite”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 107, 27862792(2007), DOI: 10.1002/app.26539Search in Google Scholar

The, P. L., et al., “On the Potential of Organoclay with Respect to Conventional Fillers (Carbon Black, Silica) for Epoxidized Natural Rubber Compatibilized Natural Rubber Vulcanizates”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 94, 24382445(2004)10.1002/app.21188Search in Google Scholar

Urayama, K., et al., “Multiaxial Deformations of End-Linked Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Networks. II. Experimental Tests of Molecular Entanglement Models of Rubber Elasticity”, Macromol., 34, 82618269(2001)10.1021/ma002166qSearch in Google Scholar

Varghese, S., Karger-Kocsis, J., “Melt-compounded Natural Rubber Nanocomposites With Pristine and Organophilic Layered Silicates of Natural and Synthetic Origin”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 91, 813819, (2003), DOI: 10.1002/app.13173Search in Google Scholar

Varghese, S., et al., “Morphology and Mechanical Prop-Erties of Layered Silicate Reinforced Natural and Polyurethane Rubber”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 92, 543551(2004)10.1002/app.20036Search in Google Scholar

Varghese, S., et al., Melt Compounded Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites: Structure-properties Relationships”, Polymer, 44, 3977(2003), DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00358-6Search in Google Scholar

Wang, Y., et al., “Structure and Properties of Strain-induced Crystallization Rubber-clay Nanocomposites by Co-coagulating the Rubber Latex and Clay Aqueous Suspension”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 96, 318323(2005)10.1002/app.21408Search in Google Scholar

Wolf, J. R., et al.: Thermoplastic Elastomers – A Comprehensive Review, Hanser Publishers, Munich(1986)Search in Google Scholar

Zaborski, M., Donnet, J. B., “Activity of Fillers in Elastomer Networks of Different Structure”, Macromol. Symp., 194, 87100(2003), DOI: 10.1002/masy.200390108Search in Google Scholar

Zheng, H., et al., “Influence of the Clay Modification and Compatibilizer on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Ethylene-propylene-diene Rubber/Montmorillonite Composites”, Polym. Test., 23, 217223(2004), DOI: 10.1016/S0142-9418(03)00097-7Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2010-06-08
Accepted: 2010-09-27
Published Online: 2013-04-06
Published in Print: 2011-03-01

© 2011, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich

Downloaded on 15.12.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.3139/217.2381/html?srsltid=AfmBOorlaMqtWaE9qqNYkfOuOqw68O462keOwNIvARkQW4dC4jz7M1Le
Scroll to top button